Worksheet For Creating A Sensory Processing Profile

The Polyvagal Skills Workbook Polyvagal Teen®

NEUROCEPTION: A Subconscious System for Detecting Threats and Safety

Organisations 

• https://www.heartmath.org/gci/
• https://www.devon.gov.uk/workforcedevelopment/restorative-practice
• https://restorativepractices.com/

Assessments & Tools

• Body Perceptions Questionnaire
• BBCSS Adult Form Self Report Brief
• BBCSS Caregiver Form 
• BBCSS Scoring Form 
• Toronto Alexithymia Scale
• Eight-item General Alexithymia Factor Score [GAFS-8] Calculator (Based on TAS-20)

Porges’ Review Articles

• The Pocket Guide to the Polyvagal Theory: The Transformative Power of Feeling Safe Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company Publication Year: 2021
• https://www.goodreads.com/work/quotes/19340422-teoria-poliwagalna-przewodnik
• https://agpa.org/docs/default-source/practice-resources–group-circle/2014_winter_group_circle.pdf?sfvrsn=2e0a95a9_2

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnint.2022.871227/fu

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31346259/ Growing a Social Brain 

1. Orienting in a defensive world: mammalian modifications of our evolutionary heritage. A Polyvagal Theory. Psychophysiology, 1995.
2. Emotion: an evolutionary by-product of the neural regulation of the autonomic nervous system. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1997.
3. Love: an emergent property of the mammalian autonomic nervous system. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 1998.
4. The polyvagal theory: phylogenetic substrates of a social nervous system. Int J Psychophysiol, 2001.
5. The Polyvagal Theory: phylogenetic contributions to social behavior. Physiol Behav, 2003a.
6. Social engagement and attachment: a phylogenetic perspective. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2003b.
7. A phylogenetic journey through the vague and ambiguous Xth cranial nerve: a commentary on contemporary heart rate variability research. Biol Psychol, 2006a.
8. The Polyvagal Perspective. Biol Psychol, 2006b.
9. The polyvagal theory: new insights into adaptive reactions of the autonomic nervous system. Cleve Clin J Med, 2009.
10. The Early Development of the Autonomic Nervous System Provides a Neural Platform for Social Behavior: A Polyvagal Perspective. Infant Child Dev, 2011.
11. Cardiac vagal tone: a neurophysiological mechanism that evolved in mammals to dampen threat reactions and promote sociality. World Psychiatry, 2021a.
12. Polyvagal Theory: A biobehavioral journey to sociality. Compr Psychoneuroendocrinol 2021b.
13. Polyvagal Theory: A Science of Safety. Front Integr Neurosci, 2022a.
14. Heart Rate Variability: A Personal Journey. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback, 2022b.
15. *Sargunaraj et al. Cardiac rhythm effects of .125-Hz paced breathing through a resistive load: implications for paced breathing therapy and the polyvagal theory. Biofeedback Self Regul, 1996.
16. *Reed et al. A neural explanation of fetal heart rate patterns: A test of the polyvagal theory. Dev Psychobiol, 1999.
17. *Porges et al. Heart rate and respiration in reptiles: contrasts between a sit-and-wait predator and an intensive forager. Brain Cogn, 2003.

Critical Papers and ResearchGate Threads

1. Grossman P & Taylor EW. Toward understanding respiratory sinus arrhythmia: relations to cardiac vagal tone, evolution and biobehavioral functions. Biol Psychol, 2007.
2. Taylor et al. An overview of the phylogeny of cardiorespiratory control in vertebrates with some reflections on the ‘Polyvagal Theory’. Biol Psychol, 2022.
3. Grossman. ResearchGate (main project): Examining Porges’ “Polyvagal” suppositions (2016, ongoing)
4. Grossman. ResearchGate (question): After 20 years of “polyvagal” hypotheses, is there any direct evidence for the first 3 premises that form the foundation of the polyvagal conjectures? (2016, ongoing)
5. Grossman. ResearchGate (question): Does anyone know of research documenting large heart-rate decrease during episodes of psychological dissociation? (2016, ongoing)

References re: Role of DMNV in Bradycardia

1. Cheng et al. Projections of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus to cardiac ganglia of rat atria: an anterograde tracing study. J Comp Neurol, 1999.
2. Cheng Z & Powley TL. Nucleus ambiguus projections to cardiac ganglia of rat atria: an anterograde tracing study. J Comp Neurol, 2000.
3. Cheng et al. Domoic acid lesions in nucleus of the solitary tract: time-dependent recovery of hypoxic ventilatory response and peripheral afferent axonal plasticity. J Neurosci, 2002.
4. Cheng et al. Attenuation of baroreflex sensitivity after domoic acid lesion of the nucleus ambiguus of rats. J Appl Physiol, 2004.
5. Cheng et al. Differential control over postganglionic neurons in rat cardiac ganglia by NA and DmnX neurons: anatomical evidence. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 2004.
6. Farmer et al. Brainstem sources of cardiac vagal tone and respiratory sinus arrhythmia. J Physiol, 2016.
7. Geis GS & Wurster RD. Cardiac responses during stimulation of the dorsal motor nucleus and nucleus ambiguus in the cat. Circ Res, 1980.
8. Gourine et al. Cardiac vagal preganglionic neurones: An update. Auton Neurosci, 2016.
9. Gray et al. Parasympathetic control of the heart. III. Neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive nerve terminals synapse on three populations of negative chronotropic vagal preganglionic neurons. J Appl Physiol, 2004.
10. Verberne, Anthony JM. Differential cardiac parasympathetic innervation–what is the functional significance? Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 2004.

Additional Papers and Books Mentioned

• Atzil et al. Growing a social brain. Nat Hum Behav, 2018.
• Benish et al. Culturally adapted psychotherapy and the legitimacy of myth: a direct-comparison meta-analysis. J Couns Psychol, 2011.
• Borrell-Carrio et al. The Biopsychosocial Model 25 Years Later: Principles, Practice, and Scientific Inquiry. Ann Fam Med, 2004.
• Dale et al. Childhood Maltreatment Influences Autonomic Regulation and Mental Health in College Students. Front Psychiatry, 2022.
• Doody et al. The Evolution of Sociality and the Polyvagal Theory. Biological Psychology, 2023. [open access link here]
• Engel GL. The need for a new medical model: a challenge for biomedicine. Science, 1977.
• Hopkins et al. The seductive allure is a reductive allure: People prefer scientific explanations that contain logically irrelevant reductive information Cognition, 2016.
• Kolacz et al. Cardiac autonomic regulation and joint hypermobility in adolescents with functional abdominal pain disorders. Neurogastroenterol Motil, 2021.
• Kovacic et al. Impaired Vagal Efficiency Predicts Auricular Neurostimulation Response in Adolescent Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders. Am J Gastroenterol, 2020.
• Payne et al. Somatic experiencing: using interoception and proprioception as core elements of trauma therapy. Front Psychol, 2015.
• Porges et al. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia and auditory processing in autism: modifiable deficits of an integrated social engagement system? Int J Psychophysiol, 2013.
• Porges et al. Reducing Auditory Hypersensitivities in Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Preliminary Findings Evaluating the Listening Project Protocol. Front Pediatr, 2014.
• Rajabalee et al. Neuromodulation Using Computer-Altered Music to Treat a Ten-Year-Old Child Unresponsive to Standard Interventions for Functional Neurological Disorder. Harv Rev Psychiatry, 2022.
• Rosenberg, Stanley. Accessing the Healing Power of the Vagus Nerve: Self-Help Exercises for Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, and Autism. 2017.
• Weisberg et al. The Seductive Allure of Neuroscience Explanations J Cogn Neurosci, 2008.

Other Critiques of Polyvagal Theory

James C Coyne on medium.com – various critical articles regarding PVT
RIP Polyvagal Theory by Shin Shin Tang (medium.com)
The Problem with the Polyvagal Theory by Max Pearl
Evolution of a Theory: Polyvagal is Not Dead by Janae Elisabeth
The Dark Side of Polyvagal Theory by Brian Dunning